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Freedom of Thought and Speech PDF Print E-mail
Article
Written by Ali B. Panda, Ph.D.   
Thursday, 04 October 2007
Freedom of thought, speech, press and printing should be guaranteed within the perimeter of law through numerous rights instruments. But such freedom may not be abused in any way which is contrary to public interest, public order, public safety, and public morals. Everyone should be allowed to express in his or her private transactions or cultural matters or in the press or any other publications or in public meetings.

This freedom of speech is also guaranteed under international law, notably under Article 19 of the Universal Declaration of Human Rights and Article 10 of the European Convention on Human Rights, although implementation remains lacking in many countries.

In practice, the right to freedom of speech is not absolute in any country, although the degree of freedom varies greatly in many countries. Article 25 of the Constitution of the Republic of Sudan provides that “every citizen has the right to seek any knowledge or adopt any faith, in opinion or thought, without being coerced by the authorities. Everyone shall have the right to freedom of expression, to receive information, to publish and there shall be freedom of the press, subject to restrictions necessary to security, public order, public safety, public morals and in accordance with law.”

Article 39 of the Constitution of the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia states that “information, publication, and all other media shall employ courteous language and the state's regulations, and they shall contribute to the education of the nation and the bolstering of its unity. All acts that foster sedition or division or harm the state's security and its public relations or detract from man's dignity and rights shall be prohibited.”

Article 23 of the Bahrain Constitution reveals that “freedom of opinion and scientific research is guaranteed. Everyone has the right to express his opinion and publish it by word of mouth, in writing or otherwise under the rules and conditions laid down by law, provided that the fundamental beliefs of Islamic doctrine are not infringed, the unity of the people is not prejudiced, and discord or sectarianism is not aroused. To be more specific, freedom of expression is also guaranteed by the Philippine constitution.

In Islam, a person is free to express against evils and mal-practices and even if it is contrary to his personal will. It is among the indicators of people’s empowerment. The heightening of such expression is obtainable in Islamic-democratic society. It is a significant factor for the success of any political leadership.

It is obvious that in Ranao, Lanao del Sur and Marawi City in the Philippines, people are now free to express their thought and ideas through different channels of information. Experienced and knowledgeable persons can now share their insights and comments leading towards socio-economic development.

This development paves the smooth operation of radio talk programs and other channel information. The Tarompong sa Ranao Radio Forum, Inc. serves as channel of information of the general public with tact and prudence. It serves as a: reliable information to the general public using VHF two-way radios and other available communication facilities; venue of interaction and in-deep discussion on the prevailing issues and problems affecting the well being of the general public; mediator in conducting, sponsoring, implementing and coordinating in the implementation of programs, projects and activities geared towards sustainable development; and means in time of emergencies in close coordination with the duly authorities in the area.

Subject to the rules of slander, anyone who can say something on any issue, no matter how true or irrelevant it may be, can do so. In some places, only those information which can satisfy the desires of those who are in authority could be freely spoken in public.

In the different masajid (mosques), khatib (one who delivers Islamic sermons) can freely express the knowledge of Islam even if it against the desires of individuals or people in authority so long as it is for the good of the Muslim society.

Demonstration and rallies become more and more evident in many countries of the world. I remember the series of demonstration and rallies across the world against the controversial novel “SatanicVerses”. This demonstration was participated by the different sectors of the Muslim Ummah.

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Last Updated ( Saturday, 29 November 2008 )
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The Other America PDF Print E-mail
Article
Written by Anisha Elin C. Guro   
Wednesday, 03 October 2007

Hollywood. Celebrities. HBO, NBA and MTV. This is what  I see of America  from Philippines; what they broadcast is the America that most people who do not have access to other information beyond what  materials third-world countries like the Philippines get  from media conglomerates. 

I came to America without the enthusiasm and expectation  that some people might have in  living in America for the first time. I came  to become a student in a  new university, new surrounding and new system. My purpose was clear:  to finish a degree, and then return home. The temptation of  staying to earn extra income did not really appeal to me intellectually, much less physically. I am a student.  

But, I have become more than a university student. Most cogently, I have become a student in the University of Life in America. This would manifest poignantly when I became a volunteer with the Commission for Voluntary Service and Action (CVSA). I went on a filed visit to some of the member organizations  that are in Philadelphia. to visit some of their member organizations  in Philadelphia.  

I had to admit that  I know nothing of Philadelphia except from what I discerned from the novel I read  when I was a kid, Libertine’s Destiny. The protagonist, Alexander Morrison came from the elite of Philadelphia. So while Susan Angus, the CVSA director was on the wheel, I was thinking of the Cinderella story of Libertine and  Alexander and half-expecting to find  the elite Philadelphia in the novel. 

On the way to Philly, as Philadelphia is also called, we passed by Camden, New Jersey. It is the poorest town in the United States. It was almost like a ghost town with hardly anything to see except houses in such bad shape that I could not actually believe that the only superpower in the world could actually have  a city like this. 

Once in Philadelphia, I did get to see the inner city and saw the beautiful buildings and the mural. We passed by the  Liberty Bell and I wasn’t feeling touristy enough to actually go to the tourist spots. It was enough to pass by them. The winter cold discouraged me from exploring the area, not to mention our time being limited. 

One of the organizations we visited was the Eastern Service Workers Association (ESWA). Like the CVSA, the ESWA is also run by volunteers  who are dedicated to extending  services and assistance to the lowest income people in the city in many different ways, and to organize for solutions for their problems. It was an education for me to learn how such an all-volunteer group that takes no government funding has lasted and grown for several decades.  

We participated in a membership canvass in South Philadelphia. It was a very cold winter day.  Being from tropical Philippines, I was very aware of the bitter cold. We knocked every door offering the residents to sign up as members and  at the same time learn of the benefits that they could get as  members. What I learned is something that is not taught in schools, nor known in my country about the mighty Uncle Sam.  

I guess I am mature enough to know that what information we receive in the Philippines about mighty America and the  “milk and honey” picture was never the true story. But the feeling is different when you see poverty and homelessness in the face, in the midst of such wealth! Experience is still the best teacher. On that chilly Saturday, we knocked on several doors whose occupants  are either running out of food stamps or threatened to be cut off from having heat in the winter, or already were without heat. To be hungry is one thing, but to be cold and hungry at the same time is something that is just unbearable and inhuman. 

I still believe that America is a great country. It is great because it has great citizens who volunteer not just their time and money. Some people have dedicated their entire lives  to help their fellow human beings -- regardless of color, race, ethnicity and status—and to organize to change these conditions entirely. At the end of that Saturday, I regretted that we were not able to reach more people, and that our stay was short.  

I left Philadelphia the following day happy with the thought that the beautiful African American school-crossing guard we met who ran out of food stamps with other six members of her family knew where she could get help. When we knocked on her door, I was almost annoyed that we were standing out in the cold doing something for her without her inviting us in. Later, I realized that the reason might have been that it was as cold in her apartment as it was outside.

I could not imagine myself being out on the street in the U.S. for days, not only cold but hungry. Then I thought of the fact that 12.5% of Americans  are living in poverty: those men and women with their children left homeless for months and years. For some people such as those we met in South Philadelphia, they are lucky to have ESWA. But not everyone who needs it knows there is an organization that they can go to. Sometimes, when people are poor everything gets shut from them, from doors to hearts of their fellow human beings and even information that could save them. But then, there are still great ordinary citizens out there who not only brave the cold but offer their whole lives to organize that people may know that some hearts are not closed after all, and that change is possible through working together. That is the other America that so much of the world has not seen yet. I am proud that I became a part of it, and hope that its ranks continue to grow.  

 

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Last Updated ( Sunday, 06 January 2008 )
 
Iraq Invasion Revisited: The Collapse of Collective Security and Emergence of New Balance of Power PDF Print E-mail
Article
Written by Algamar Latiph   
Wednesday, 03 October 2007

Contrary to Samuel Huntington’s thesis of clash of civilizations, we did not witness a “clash” between the West and the Muslim word, at least, on the Denmark’s caricatures. At most, it caused outraged in the streets and economic boycott of Danish products which gradually subsided by lapse of time. Rather a “quarrel” occurred within the West Civilization, an antagonism between the Coalition of the Wiling led by United States along with United Kingdom, Spanish, Italy, Australia and dozens states, on one hand, against the France-Germany’s informal alliance, on the other hand, during the Iraq Invasion  in the early part of 2003. The former espoused a war while the latter insisted diplomacy. The opposing coalitions were driven not for the love of peace neither freedom but of their insatiable competing material and strategic gains in Iraq.
 
Whereas the West was then antipathetical for being protectionist of their opposing national interests, the Arabs and the Muslim World are more disunited by sheer jealousy or hypocrisy or by plain selfishness. The Arab League and the Organization of Islamic Conference, devoid of security component, have not played any major role in recent world affairs. While the denunciations by the 116 countries of the Non-Aligned Nations and the 52 countries in Africa had explicitly opposed the use of military in Iraq; seven Arab countries—Saudi Arabia, Kuwait, Bahrain, Jordan, United Arab Emirates, Qatar, and Oman—joined  the US-led coalition that attacked their neighboring Iraq.

Seemingly, the end of the Cold War and its swift shift to globalization paradigm has brought the world a sustainable peace. But a closer look of recent events, a contrary conclusion would surface. The United Nations under the system of collective security in the preservation of world  peace has became inutile. This was shown in US’s unilateral military action in Iraq 2003 where UN had displayed its utmost timidity. 

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Last Updated ( Sunday, 06 January 2008 )
 
Legislative Acts on Halal Certification is Imperative PDF Print E-mail
Article
Written by Ali B. Panda, Ph.D.   
Tuesday, 02 October 2007
Halal is an Arabic term meaning "permissible". In the English language it most frequently refers to food that is permissible according to Islamic Law. In the Arabic langauge it refers to anything that is permissible under Islam.
 
Philippinesis a country domiciled by different    tribes and religious groups. Among them engage in business activities selling goods and commodities   not necessarily examined   weather   halal  (lawful)   or  haram (unlawful)  by accredited Islamic institution. Because they are not Muslims, they are suspected not to pay serious attention to Muslim needs. Among religious Muslim consumers, therefore,  have to see certain good or food if    halal or haram.  

Some people are saying that haram (unlawful) foods and   products is a problem affecting  economic activities in a place where there are Muslims.  

Haram (unlawful) things should be given serious attention by the  government  because the presence of such affects the  socio-economic life of the Muslims.   This means that   all the   commodities and goods to be sold in   the Muslim  areas  and in the place where there are considerable number of Muslims must be halal (lawful).  For instance, the flesh of swine, liquor and other forbidden food, idols,  cross and images are haram.  Prophet Muhammad s.a.w. said: “Allah and His Prophet have forbidden the sale and   purchase of liquor, carrion,  swine flesh   and idol. He further   observed  “When  Allah forbids a thing.  He also abolishes its value.”  (Ahmad, Abu Dawd)

Any   food or  commodity that   is being transported and sold in the Muslim areas more particularly if coming from the non-Muslim areas should be examined if they  are halal or haram.  Muslims are quite sensitive on this   matter because Islam forbids the Muslims to eat haram foods.

In  order  to make  commodities marketable both in domestic  and    international markets,  the  national government establishes the Philippine   Halal Certification which is in line with  the State policy to protect  and  promote the right to good health of the people and instill consciousness among them   and  the rights and well-being of     Muslim   Filipinos as regards   to their      beliefs, customs, and  traditions in   accordance with  the Shariah, as well as to further ensure their contribution to national goals and aspiration and to make them active participants in nation building.

Corollary  to this,   an official   of the    Department   of Agriculture’s National Meat Inspection Commission (DANMIC) last September  16,2001  cited the Islamic  Da’wah  Council of the Philippines (IDCP) for holding the “Halal Orientation Seminar” for Muslim communities here and nearby countries. Dr.  Efren C. Nuestro, DANMIC Executive Director said  in Manila Bulletin on September 17, 2001 the government is doing to protect their interest notably in foods which cater to their culture.  He informed   the participants that the Philippine has a permanent representative to the Association of South East Asian Nations (ASIAN) Adhoc working group on Halal Food guidelines.

Nuestro also revealed that an inter agency project team was likewise formed to conceptualize, prepare guidelines,  policies and procedures to the proposed Philippine Halal Certification Scheme as provided   for  in a Memorandum of  Understanding (MOU) entered into by the Secretaries  of the Department of Trade and Industry (DTI), Agriculture, Health, Science  and Technology and the Executive Director of the Office of Muslim Affairs.  The MOU  reportedly serves    as the basis for a proposed Executive order  Creating the “Philippine  halal Certification Board.”  For its part,   the NMIC provides support to the Halal Food Development Assistance Project by way of  technical assistance to the government units for the construction of a Halal slaughter house in a municipality or city.

Take a case of what happened last November 22, 2006 when Muslim congressmen called on the leadership of the House of Representatives to respect  the religious practices observed by Islam followers as they defended a collegues who was reported to have manhandled a catering employee for feeding her pork.

Reps. Mujiv Hataman (Anak Mindanao ) and Benasing Macarambon (NPC, Lanao del Sur) said they fully understood the actions of Rep. Faysah RPM Dumarpa (Lakas, Lanao del Sur) who allegedly  slapped an employee of the Shangrila Finest Cuisine restaurant for misleading her into eating pork.

The prevalent of haram foods in Muslim areas could be attributed  to many factors.  Among them is the negligence of duty of responsible offices, like the Department of Trade and Industry and the Office on Muslim Affairs.  They are not really concerned on this problem.  Even if they are already informed but they are not sincere in addressing it.

The presence of this problem further has created significant distinction between Muslims and non-Muslims.  Whenever Muslims are in non-Muslim restaurant, they always inquire the kind of food they are served if pig or swine flesh… An act of inquiry is a cultural symbol and identification of the Muslims in a non-Muslim area. You can easily identify them that they are really Muslims in time of eating.

Manufacturers as well as their dealers should see and examine their products and goods if really halal if  sold to Muslim customer. If food mixed with swine and the like should be marked.

In order to ensure the highest respect on Muslim faith and practices as recognized in the Constitution and to give legal measures for any violation and in view of the present globalization of economy, the Congress of the Philippinesmust legislate Laws on Halal Certification. 

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Last Updated ( Sunday, 06 January 2008 )
 
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